Arthur Schopenhauer was a German Philosopher known for his deep philosophical reflections.

For Schopenhauer, the underlying force of reality is the Will (also called will to live or will to life), which is the essence of existence. It is an unconscious and blind desire that restlessly strives for more activity. The will is the tornado that swirls inside of us and throws us from one place to the other, it is the source of our insatiable appetite that results in strife and misery.

But if the world is will, it must be a world of suffering. Each individual bears within himself a disruptive contradiction; the realised desire develops a new desire, and so on endlessly. For Schopenhauer, life is evil because pain is its basic stimulus and reality. Pleasure is merely a negative cessation of pain.

As soon as suffering ceases, we are overcome by boredom, in other words, more suffering. Boredom is nothing other than the sensation of the emptiness of existence.

Schopenhauer’s writing is far from the sterile and academic German of the time, his work is straightforward, colloquial, concrete, full of metaphors and anecdotes. His philosophy sent him on a quest for tranquility and peace of mind. He offers as alternatives the denial of the will, the wisdom of life through philosophy, aesthetics and ethics.

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Recommended Reading

▶ The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 1
https://amzn.to/3lR1hd1
▶ The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 2
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▶ Parerga and Paralipomena (Essays and Aphorisms)
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▶ The Wisdom of Life
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▶ On the Suffering of the World
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Music used

1. Mysterious Ambient Background Music – The Rake – CO.AG Music
2. Mesmerize – Kevin MacLeod
3. Mourning Song – Kevin MacLeod
4. Dark Ambient Background Music – The Lost – CO.AG Music
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7. You've Seen The Butcher [Just Background Music] Dane Gerous Schmidt & Arianna Tysinger

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Sources

The World as Will and Representation – Arthur Schopenhauer
Parerga and Paralipomena – Arthur Schopenhauer
Durant, W. (1961). Story of philosophy. Simon and Schuster.
Magee, B. (1997). The philosophy of Schopenhauer.
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sc...
Schopenhauer BBC In Our Time Podcast
   • Schopenhauer  BBC In Our Time Podcast  
The Germans: Schopenhauer by Wes Cecil
   • The Germans: Schopenhauer  
Nietzsche and Schopenhauer's Pessimism – Lecture
   • Nietzsche and Schopenhauer's Pessimis...  

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⌛ Timestamps

(0:00) Introduction: Arthur Schopenhauer
(7:47) The World as Will and Representation
(15:07) The Will to Reproduce
(16:36) The World as Evil
(22:52) The Denial of the Will
(25:11) Philosophy: The Wisdom of Life
(27:32) Aesthetics
(30:45) Ethics

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