Quasars are the brightest phenomenon in the entire universe, able to outshine any type of star, and even entire galaxies containing hundreds of billions of them. Quasars are the product of monster black holes at the centres of large galaxies, and so when we find multibillion light year clusters of quasars dotted around the early universe, we are forced to reconsider some of our fundamental assumptions of cosmology.

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Do you use these videos to sleep or for night time watching? Check out the new sleeping space playlist, a collection of my most chilled out and ambient videos.
   • Sleeping Space Playlist  

Want to learn more about supersized cosmic structures like Large Quasar Groups? Check out my new Super Structures playlist!
   • Super Structures  

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MUSIC:
Cylinder One Chris Zabriskie
Descent The Tower of Light
Dreaming Blue Sextile
Turn The Tower of Light
There Are Many Different Kinds of Love Chris Zabriskie
Retro Dreamscape Twin Musicom
Flecks of Light The Tower of Light
Clouded Public Memory
Trickling Up Godmode

Songs by Chris Zabriskie are licensed under Creative Commons (links below), all other songs are from the YouTube Audio Library.
http://chriszabriskie.com/vendaface/
http://chriszabriskie.com/cylinders/

FOOTAGE:
The space scenes in this video were captured using SpaceEngine Pro, a virtual universe simulator:
http://spaceengine.org/
Get SpaceEngine on Steam: https://store.steampowered.com/app/31...

Stock footage provided by Videezy.com

ESO Quasar Simulation Footage and Sound: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso...
NASA Redshift Animations:    • Unraveling the Mysteries of Dark Ener...  
ESO Type 1a supernova    • Artist’s impression of two white dwar...  
Redshift Expansion [Creative Commons]:    • The Expanding Universe and Cosmologic...  

Bright Halos around Quasars: By ESO/Borisova et al. http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1..., CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...

SOURCES OF INFORMATION:
Active Galaxies: https://www.astronomynotes.com/galaxy...
Ohio State University Astronomy Lecture 162, Quasars, by Professor Barbara Ryden: http://www.astronomy.ohiostate.edu/~...
Hubble Surveying Quasars: https://hubblesite.org/contents/news...
The Cosmological Principle
Large Quasar Groups by Roger Clowes: http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pd...
Yadav's Homogeneity Scale: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/articl...)
The ClowesCampusano LQG: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1108.6221.pdf
U1.11: https://arxiv.org/abs/1108.6221
The Huge LQG: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1211.6256.pdf
Seeing Patterns in Noise by Sheshadri Nadathur: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.1700.pdf
More work by Roger Clowes (discoverer of the three LQGs): https://scholar.google.co.uk/citation...

TIMESTAMPS
0:00 Introduction
2:00 What is a Quasar?
9:46 The Peak Quasar Epoch
11:50 The Search for Quasars
20:39 Large Quasar Groups
22:15 Cosmic Structures & the Cosmological Principle
24:35 The Largest LQGs
27:34 Seeing Patterns In Noise